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Ndị injinia MIT ewepụtala rọbọt dị ka waya magnetik nke nwere ike ịfefe n'ụzọ dị warara ma na-efegharị efegharị, dị ka vasculature ụbụrụ labyrinthine.
N'ọdịnihu, e nwere ike ijikọ eriri rọbọt a na teknụzụ endovascular dị ugbu a, na-enye ndị dọkịta ohere iduzi robot site na arịa ọbara ụbụrụ onye ọrịa iji gwọọ mgbochi na ọnya ngwa ngwa, dị ka ndị na-eme na aneurysms na ọrịa strok.
“Stroke bụ nke ise na-ebute ọnwụ na ihe kacha akpata nkwarụ na United States.Ọ bụrụ na enwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa strok dị ukwuu na nkeji 90 mbụ ma ọ bụ karịa, ndụ onye ọrịa nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo mma, "MIT Mechanical Engineering na Zhao Xuanhe, prọfesọ na-ahụ maka injinia obodo na gburugburu ebe obibi kwuru, kwuru. "Ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ike ịmepụta ngwaọrụ iji gbanwee vascular mgbochi n'oge 'isi oge' a, anyị nwere ike izere mmebi ụbụrụ na-adịgide adịgide.Nke ahụ bụ olileanya anyị.”
Zhao na ndị otu ya, gụnyere onye na-ede akwụkwọ bụ Yoonho Kim, nwa akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na MIT's Department of Mechanical Engineering, na-akọwa atụmatụ ha dị nro nke robot taa na magazin Science Robotics. Ndị ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ bụ MIT gụsịrị akwụkwọ nwa akwụkwọ German Alberto Parada na nleta nwa akwụkwọ. Shengduo Liu.
Iji wepụ mkpụkọ ọbara n'ụbụrụ, ndị dọkịta na-emekarị ịwa ahụ endovascular, usoro nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ nke onye dọkịta na-awa ahụ na-etinye eriri dị mkpa site na isi akwara nke onye ọrịa, na-emekarị n'ụkwụ ma ọ bụ ukwu. N'okpuru nduzi fluoroscopic, nke na-eji X-ray eme ihe n'otu oge. N'iji anya na-ese onyinyo arịa ọbara, dọkịta na-awa ahụ jiri aka na-atụgharị waya ahụ n'ime arịa ọbara ụbụrụ mebiri emebi. Mgbe ahụ, a ga-ebufe catheter n'akụkụ waya ahụ iji bufee ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi mgbochi n'ebe ahụ emetụtara.
Usoro a nwere ike na-achọ anụ ahụ, Kim kwuru, ma na-achọ ka ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ zụọ ya nke ọma iji nagide mkpughe radieshon ugboro ugboro nke fluoroscopy.
Kim kwuru, "Ọ bụ nka na-achọsi ike, ma ọ nweghị ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ zuru ezu iji jeere ndị ọrịa ozi, ọkachasị n'ime ime obodo ma ọ bụ ime obodo."
Ntuziaka ọgwụ ndị a na-eji eme ihe n'usoro ndị dị otú ahụ bụ ihe na-agafe agafe, nke pụtara na a ghaghị iji aka mee ha, na-emekarị ka a na-eji ígwè alloy core ma na-ekpuchi ya na polymer, nke Kim na-ekwu nwere ike ịmepụta esemokwu ma mebie mkpuchi nke arịa ọbara. oghere siri ike.
Ndị otu ahụ ghọtara na mmepe na ụlọ nyocha ha nwere ike inye aka melite usoro endovascular dị otú ahụ, ma na nhazi nke guidewires na ibelata ikpughe ndị dọkịta na radieshon ọ bụla metụtara.
N'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga, ndị otu ahụ ewulitela nka na hydrogels (ihe ndị na-ekwekọ na mmiri na-ejikarị eme ihe) na 3D na-ebi akwụkwọ magneto-actuated ihe nwere ike ime ka ịrara, na-awụlikwa elu na ọbụna ijide bọl, naanị site n'ịgbaso ntụziaka nke magnet.
N'ime akwụkwọ ọhụrụ ahụ, ndị nchọpụta ahụ jikọtara ọrụ ha na hydrogels na magnetik actuation iji mepụta waya robotic nwere mkpuchi hydrogel, ma ọ bụ guidewire, na ha nwere ike mee ka ọ dị gịrịgịrị iji duzie arịa ọbara site na ụbụrụ silicone nke ndụ. .
A na-eji nickel-titanium alloy, ma ọ bụ "nitinol", ihe na-eme ka isi nke waya roboti mee ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe. N'adịghị ka ndị hangers, bụ ndị na-ejigide ọdịdị ha mgbe ha na-ehulata, waya nitinol na-alaghachi n'ụdị mbụ ya, na-enye ya ọzọ. mgbanwe mgbe ị na-ekechi ike, arịa ọbara na-ata ahụhụ. Ndị otu ahụ kpuchiri isi waya ahụ na tapawa rọba, ma ọ bụ ink, ma tinye ihe ndọta n'ime ya.
N'ikpeazụ, ha jiri usoro kemịkalụ ha mepụtaburu iji kpuchie ma jikọta ihe mkpuchi magnetik na hydrogel-ihe na-adịghị emetụta nnabata nke ihe ndọta dị n'okpuru, ebe ọ ka na-enye elu dị larịị, nke na-enweghị mgbagha, nke na-adaba adaba.
Ha gosipụtara izi ezi na ịgbalite waya rọbọt site n'iji nnukwu magnetik (dị ka ụdọ nwa nkịta) na-eduzi waya ahụ n'ụzọ mgbochi nke obere akaghị, na-echetara waya na-agafe n'anya agịga.
Ndị nchọpụta ahụ nwalekwara waya ahụ n'ụdị silicone dị ndụ nke nnukwu arịa ọbara nke ụbụrụ, gụnyere mkpụkọ na aneurysms, bụ nke ṅomiri CT nyocha nke ụbụrụ onye n'ezie nke onye ọrịa. , wee jiri aka mee nnukwu magnetik gburugburu ihe nlereanya ahụ iji duzie rọbọt site na ikuku nke akpa ahụ dị warara.
Enwere ike ịrụ ọrụ eriri robotic, Kim na-ekwu, nke pụtara na arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịgbakwunye - dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịnye ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata mkpụkọ ọbara ma ọ bụ na-agbaji ihe mgbochi na lasers. Iji gosipụta nke ikpeazụ, otu ahụ jiri eriri anya dochie eriri nitinol nke eri ahụ wee chọpụta na nke ahụ. ha nwere ike iji magnetik duzie rọbọt ma mee ka laser rụọ ọrụ ozugbo ọ ruru ebe a chọrọ.
Mgbe ndị na-eme nchọpụta jiri waya rọbọt nke nwere mkpuchi hydrogel tụnyere waya nke na-enweghị mkpuchi, ha chọpụtara na hydrogel nyere waya ahụ uru na-amị amị dị mkpa nke ukwuu, na-ekwe ka ọ na-agafe ebe ndị siri ike na-enweghị ike ịrapagidesi ike. Na usoro endovascular, ihe onwunwe a ga-abụ isi ihe na-egbochi esemokwu na mmebi nke mkpuchi nke ụgbọ mmiri ka a na-agafe eri.
"Otu ihe ịma aka dị n'ịwa ahụ bụ inwe ike ịgafe arịa ọbara ndị dị mgbagwoju anya na ụbụrụ bụ ndị dị ntakịrị na dayameta nke catheters azụmahịa na-apụghị iru," ka Kyujin Cho, bụ́ prọfesọ nke injinịa injinịa na Mahadum Mba Seoul kwuru.“Ọmụmụ ihe a na-egosi otu esi emeri ihe ịma aka a.nwere ike ma mee ka usoro ịwa ahụ n'ụbụrụ na-enweghị ịwa ahụ."
Kedu ka eriri robot ọhụrụ a si echebe ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ pụọ na radieshon? The magnetically steerable guidewire na-ewepụ mkpa ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ ịkwanye waya n'ime arịa ọbara onye ọrịa, Kim kwuru. , nke ka mkpa, fluoroscope nke na-emepụta radieshon.
N'ọdịnihu dị nso, ọ na-ahụ anya ịwa ahụ endovascular gụnyere teknụzụ magnetik dị ugbu a, dị ka ụzọ abụọ nke nnukwu magnetik, na-enye ndị dọkịta ohere ịnọ n'èzí ụlọ ịwa ahụ, pụọ na fluoroscopes na-ese onyinyo ụbụrụ ndị ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọbụna n'ebe dị iche iche.
"Ikpo okwu ndị dị ugbu a nwere ike itinye oghere magnetik nye onye ọrịa ma mee fluoroscopy n'otu oge ahụ, dọkịta ahụ nwere ike ijikwa joystick magnet n'ime ụlọ ọzọ, ma ọ bụ ọbụna n'obodo ọzọ," Kim kwuru. jiri teknụzụ dị ugbu a na nzọụkwụ ọzọ iji nwalee eriri roboti anyị na vivo."
Ego maka nyocha ahụ sitere na Office of Naval Research, MIT's Soldier Nanotechnology Institute, na National Science Foundation (NSF).
Onye nta akụkọ Motherboard Becky Ferreira na-ede na ndị na-eme nchọpụta MIT emepụtala eriri robot nke a pụrụ iji na-agwọ mkpụkọ ọbara ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok.Robot nwere ike iji ọgwụ ma ọ bụ lasers nke "nwere ike ibuga n'akụkụ nsogbu nke ụbụrụ.Ụdị nkà na ụzụ na-akpasu obere ihe nwekwara ike inye aka belata mmebi sitere na ihe mberede akwara ozi dị ka ọrịa strok. "
Ndị na-eme nchọpụta MIT emepụtala eriri magnetron robotics nke nwere ike ịpụta site na ụbụrụ mmadụ, onye nta akụkọ Smithsonian Jason Daley na-ede. "N'ọdịnihu, ọ nwere ike isi na arịa ọbara na ụbụrụ na-eme njem iji nyere aka kpochapụ ihe mgbochi," Daly na-akọwa.
Onye nta akụkọ TechCrunch Darrell Etherington dere na ndị na-eme nchọpụta MI ewepụtala eriri roboti ọhụrụ nke a ga-eji mee ka ịwa ahụ ụbụrụ ghara ịkpa ike. ọnya ndị nwere ike iduga aneurysms na ọrịa strok.
Ndị na-eme nchọpụta MIT emepụtala ikpuru rọbọt ọhụrụ a na-eji magnetik achịkwa nke nwere ike otu ụbọchị nyere aka mee ka ịwa ahụ ụbụrụ ghara ịkpa ike, ka Chris Stocker-Walker nke New Scientist na-akọ. rute arịa ọbara.”
Onye nta akụkọ Gizmodo Andrew Liszewski na-ede na enwere ike iji ọrụ robotic ọhụrụ dị ka eriri nke ndị nchọpụta MIT mepụtara iji kpochapụ ihe mgbochi na mkpụkọ na-akpata ọrịa strok ngwa ngwa. na ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ aghaghị ịtachi obi,” Liszewski kọwara.